Skip to main content

Deductible Travel Expenses for Volunteers

Question:
You have covered in several previous posts the question of whether contributions made in support of mission trips are deductible. Here's a question with a slightly different slant.

If a congregation member, who is a member of a mission team and travels with that team, purchases supplies, food, or other “goods” for the trip and those supplies are used directly and immediately for the purpose of the trip (in other words, they do not run those contributions through the church), will that person be able to deduct those as contributions, assuming they have supporting documentation? Will they have to get some kind of statement from the church in support of those contributions? Would they claim these on Schedule A, assuming they itemize?

Answer:

IRS Publication 526 offers some good help to answer this question.
"Although you cannot deduct the value of your services given to a qualified organization, you may be able to deduct some amounts you pay in giving services to a qualified organization. 

The amounts must be 1) Unreimbursed, 2) Directly connected with the services, 3) Expenses you had only because of the services you gave, and 4) Not personal, living, or family expenses."

The Publication has a good section on travel expenses, plus a table of Volunteer's Q&A. It includes a summary of deductible travel expenses. "These include 1) Air, rail, and bus transportation, 2) Out-of-pocket expenses for your car, 3) Taxi fares or other costs of transportation between the airport or station and your hotel, 4) Lodging costs, and 5) The cost of meals. Because these travel expenses are not business-related, they are not subject to the same limits as business related expenses."

So in answer to the questions above, "yes," with proper documentation the costs for volunteers' travel expenses can be deductible.

In the event of an audit, the taxpayer may need proof from the church that volunteers were involved in a charitable activity that involved paying their own costs in giving services (to use Publication 526 language). Absent an audit, such proof is not necessary.

Volunteers' costs are deducted along with other contributions on Form 1040, Schedule A.

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

Rental of a Church Parsonage to a Non-Minister

Question: A church owns a parsonage, but the pastor does not use it as he owns his own home. The church rents the parsonage to a tenant other than a minister or employee of the church. Will the church be responsible for paying income tax on these monies as Unrelated Business Income (filing a Form 990-T) even if the money is used to carry on the business of the church? Answer: Whether the money is used for church purposes is irrelevant.  IRS Publication 598  states: "If an exempt organization regularly carries on a trade or business not substantially related to its exempt purpose, except that it provides funds to carry out that purpose, the organization is subject to tax on its income from that unrelated trade or business." Fortunately, in the case of rental income from real property, such income is "excluded in computing unrelated business taxable income" (Publication 598). Caution: see content below regarding debt-financed property.  However, a second concern not a

Review: Form 1099 Payments to 501(c)(3) Organizations

Question: A church rented space from another church last year. Should it request a completed Form W-9 and issue Form 1099-MISC? Answer: Payments from one 501(c)(3) organization to another 501(c)(3) organization are not subject to Form 1099-MISC reporting. The IRS Instructions for Form 1099-MISC state that "payments to a tax-exempt organization" are exempt from reporting a Form 1099-MISC.  The following are typical examples of payments of $600 or more by a church which are subject to reporting a Form 1099-MISC: Rent paid to an individual (non-corporation) Payments for services rendered by individuals who are not employees (e.g. janitorial service, facilities, snow removal, guest speakers) Support sent directly to missionaries

Housing Allowance and Form 1099-MISC Reporting

Question: A church provides its minister a housing allowance but believes it must report the full amount of compensation (including the non-taxable housing allowance portion) on Form 1099-MISC in order to demonstrate the full earnings of the minister. (Starting in 2020, Form 1099-MISC is replaced with Form 1099-NEC for non-employee compensation.) If the church reports his compensation, including the housing allowance, on the Form 1099-NEC as taxable income, will he be able to deduct his housing expenses somewhere else on the Form 1040? Answer: This question brings up a couple of issues. First, most ministers are properly classified as employees who receive Form W-2 , not as independent contractors who receive Form 1099-NEC . Box 1 on Form W-2 reports taxable compensation. It is reduced to reflect the church's designation of a portion of his pay as non-taxable housing. Then, in Box 14 (Other), Form W-2 typically reports as a memorandum item his additional non-taxable, housing allowa