Skip to main content

Housing Designation of 403(b) Plan Distributions

Question:

"I know that the IRS does allow for retirement distributions from a 403(b) plan to be at least partially designated as a housing allowance (true, see my Feb. 6, 2007, post and others). But up to this point I have not found if this is available for 403(b)(7) plans. A pastor has a 403(b) plan that he and the church both contribute to. Is there any way that part of the retirement distributions can be designated as a housing allowance? I have talked to [the mutual fund firm] and it will not “code” the Form 1099-R for any housing allowance." (The mutual fund firm will not report a lower taxable amount for a distribution than it reports as the full distribution amount simply because a recipient can provide documentation of a housing allowance designation by his congregation.)

Answer:

Two issues here...

1) Regardless whether the investments are held in a traditional TSA sold only by insurance companies (as initially described by Congress in 1958 when it established 403(b) plans) or in mutual funds (as modified by Congress in 1974 in IRC section 403(b)(7) to allow for non-annuity investments) a church can designate all or a portion of the distributions as housing allowance. Of course, a minister must comply with other requirements (e.g. must be 59 1/2 years old).

2) In my July 26, 2008, post I stated "the retired minister reports the full distribution on Line 16a (2007 Form 1040) and the taxable amount after allowable housing allowance on Line 16b." This reporting method, however, does have its challenges. The IRS document matching program may/will assume that an error has been made and propose a change in the return. The taxpayer must respond by providing an explanation for the discrepancy. I recommend that a schedule of the minister's housing expenses also be provided. The minister should maintain his documentation in case the Service requests it.

Comments

  1. Very helpful. In this situation, let's assume the pastor is retired and no longer serving the local church. Does he have to go back to that church every year and ask for a housing allowance "statement" of some sort? What if the church no longer exists??

    ReplyDelete
  2. The statement can be in perpetuity but should state either an annual amount or that 100% of all distributions from employer plans are designated as housing. Note: IRA accounts are generally not viewed as employer plans.

    If the minister's employer no longer exists... that's a tough one since it is a minister's employer who designates a portion of his compensation or retirement distribution as housing. Perhaps a church previous to the one he retired from or his current congregation (as a member) could provide the designation statement. I do not know that this type of designation has been considered by the IRS and cannot testify of its success.

    ReplyDelete

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Rental of a Church Parsonage to a Non-Minister

Question: A church owns a parsonage, but the pastor does not use it as he owns his own home. The church rents the parsonage to a tenant other than a minister or employee of the church. Will the church be responsible for paying income tax on these monies as Unrelated Business Income (filing a Form 990-T) even if the money is used to carry on the business of the church? Answer: Whether the money is used for church purposes is irrelevant.  IRS Publication 598  states: "If an exempt organization regularly carries on a trade or business not substantially related to its exempt purpose, except that it provides funds to carry out that purpose, the organization is subject to tax on its income from that unrelated trade or business." Fortunately, in the case of rental income from real property, such income is "excluded in computing unrelated business taxable income" (Publication 598). Caution: see content below regarding debt-financed property.  However, a second concern not a...

Review: Form 1099 Payments to 501(c)(3) Organizations

Question: A church rented space from another church last year. Should it request a completed Form W-9 and issue Form 1099-MISC? Answer: Payments from one 501(c)(3) organization to another 501(c)(3) organization are not subject to Form 1099-MISC reporting. The IRS Instructions for Form 1099-MISC state that "payments to a tax-exempt organization" are exempt from reporting a Form 1099-MISC.  The following are typical examples of payments of $600 or more by a church which are subject to reporting a Form 1099-MISC: Rent paid to an individual (non-corporation) Payments for services rendered by individuals who are not employees (e.g. janitorial service, facilities, snow removal, guest speakers) Support sent directly to missionaries

Housing Allowance and Form 1099-MISC Reporting

Question: A church provides its minister a housing allowance but believes it must report the full amount of compensation (including the non-taxable housing allowance portion) on Form 1099-MISC in order to demonstrate the full earnings of the minister. (Starting in 2020, Form 1099-MISC is replaced with Form 1099-NEC for non-employee compensation.) If the church reports his compensation, including the housing allowance, on the Form 1099-NEC as taxable income, will he be able to deduct his housing expenses somewhere else on the Form 1040? Answer: This question brings up a couple of issues. First, most ministers are properly classified as employees who receive Form W-2 , not as independent contractors who receive Form 1099-NEC . Box 1 on Form W-2 reports taxable compensation. It is reduced to reflect the church's designation of a portion of his pay as non-taxable housing. Then, in Box 14 (Other), Form W-2 typically reports as a memorandum item his additional non-taxable, housing allowa...